Estate Gifting Planning
Give while you can see them enjoy it.
Annual gift exclusion
- $19,000/year per recipient in 2025. NO tax. NO reporting.
- Married couples can give $38K/year per recipient ($19K each).
- Each recipient is separate — give to all kids + grandkids.
- Family of 4 (2 kids + 2 spouses) = $76K/year tax-free for couple.
- Stay UNDER limit to avoid filing IRS Form 709.
Tax-smart gift options
- 529 College Plan — fund up to $90K at once (5-year acceleration). Grows tax-free.
- Direct tuition payment — UNLIMITED if paid to school directly. Doesn't count as gift.
- Direct medical payment — UNLIMITED if paid to provider directly.
- Roth IRA contributions — for working grandkids (under earned income).
- Down payment help — limit gift to annual exclusion to avoid issues.
Charitable giving
- QCD (Qualified Charitable Distribution) — give from IRA directly to charity. Up to $108K/yr (2025). Counts toward RMD. NO income tax.
- Donor Advised Fund — Fidelity Charitable, Vanguard. Donate big now, distribute over years.
- Charitable Remainder Trust — give appreciated stock, get income for life, charity gets remainder.
- Stock donations — give appreciated stock. Avoid capital gains.
Heir tax savings
- Roth conversion — convert traditional IRA to Roth. Heirs inherit tax-free.
- Step-up in basis — appreciated assets at death get reset basis. Heirs sell with little/no capital gains.
- Life insurance — proceeds tax-free to heirs.
- Trust planning — protects assets from heirs' creditors / divorces.
Watch your own future
Don't over-gift. Healthcare costs in 80s+ can be massive. Keep enough for yourself + spouse to age in place comfortably with care needs. Generous in retirement = run-out at 88. Plan with fee-only advisor — NAPFA.org.