Medicare Enrollment Timeline
Don't miss the windows.
Initial Enrollment Period (IEP)
- 3 months BEFORE your 65th birthday month.
- The month you turn 65.
- 3 months AFTER 65th birthday month.
- = 7-month window total.
- Sign up on time = no penalty.
- Late = lifetime 10% penalty per year late on Part B.
If still working at 65
- If employer covers you (20+ employees) — can delay Part B.
- Special Enrollment Period 8 months after job ends.
- Smaller employer (under 20) — Medicare is primary, sign up.
- Get "creditable coverage" letter from employer for proof.
- Mistakes here = costly penalties.
Part D (drugs) timing
- Same IEP window.
- Late = 1% lifetime penalty per month late on Part D.
- Even if no current prescriptions — STILL enroll cheap basic plan to avoid future penalty.
- Can change plans annually during AEP.
Annual Enrollment Period (AEP)
- October 15 - December 7 every year.
- Switch Medicare Advantage plans.
- Switch Part D plans.
- Switch BETWEEN Original Medicare + Medicare Advantage.
- Changes take effect January 1.
- Compare every year — plans + drugs + costs change.
Free help
- SHIP — State Health Insurance Assistance Program. Free unbiased Medicare counselors. shiphelp.org.
- 1-800-MEDICARE — free official line.
- Medicare.gov Plan Finder — compare drugs + plans for your area.
- SSA.gov/medicare — apply online.
- Avoid commission-based "Medicare advisors" — biased.
Most-missed: Medigap window
Medigap (Medicare Supplement) — best 6-month window starts when you sign up for Part B. After that, insurers can charge more / deny based on health. Don't miss this window.