Reverse Mortgage Explained
When it actually helps — and when it ruins families.
What it is
A loan against your home equity for homeowners 62+. The bank pays YOU (lump sum, monthly, or line of credit). You don\'t make payments. Loan + interest is repaid when you sell, move, or die.
Most are FHA-insured "Home Equity Conversion Mortgages" (HECM).
Real costs (not always advertised)
- Origination fee — up to $6,000.
- FHA mortgage insurance — 2% upfront + 0.5%/year of loan balance.
- Interest rate — usually higher than regular mortgages.
- Compounding — interest accrues on the growing balance, doubling debt every 8-12 years.
- Property taxes, insurance, maintenance — you still pay these. Failure to pay = default = foreclosure.
When a reverse mortgage CAN make sense
- You\'re 70+, paid-off home, plan to stay there until death.
- Home equity is your biggest asset and you have low retirement income.
- You want to delay Social Security, using a HECM line of credit as a bridge.
- Your spouse and you both 62+ are listed as co-borrowers.
- You don\'t care about leaving the house to heirs.
When it\'s a TRAP
- You might move within 5 years (heavy upfront fees, bad ROI).
- You can\'t afford property tax/insurance — you\'ll be foreclosed.
- Spouse not on the loan — they may lose the house when you die.
- You want to leave the house to children — usually consumes most or all of equity.
- You\'re using it for risky investments (some salespeople push this).
- Aggressive sales pitch with TV celebrity — go elsewhere.
Required counseling — get the most out of it
Federal law requires you to attend a free HUD-approved counseling session before getting a reverse mortgage. Treat it seriously. Bring a family member. Ask hard questions about long-term costs.
Find a counselor at hud.gov.
Alternatives to consider first
- Downsize — sell, buy smaller, pocket the cash. Often nets more than reverse mortgage.
- HELOC — home equity line of credit. Cheaper but requires monthly payments.
- Sell to family + lease back — child buys your house at fair value; you rent it back. Keeps the asset in family.
- Property tax deferral — many states let seniors defer property tax until home is sold.
- Cut expenses, increase income — part-time work, downsizing.
Final word
Reverse mortgages aren\'t inherently bad — but they\'re very expensive and complicated. Talk to a fee-only fiduciary advisor BEFORE signing. Bring an adult child to every meeting. Don\'t sign in the first meeting.